Guides

The tools answer in a number. These answer in prose — what the number means, where it comes from, and when it cannot be trusted.

Every question below is one somebody arrives at this site already asking. How many words fit in five minutes of speech. Whether a bibliography counts toward a limit. Why two counters looking at the same document produce two different numbers.

A calculator can give you a figure for any of those. It cannot tell you whether the figure applies to your situation, and that is usually the part that decides whether you submit something acceptable. These pages cover the conventions, the places institutions disagree with each other, and the cases where the obvious answer is wrong.

None of them will write anything for you. This site measures text you have already written and reports the distance to a target; closing that distance is your work, and these guides are about doing it with the right information rather than a guess.